Newspapers / The University of North … / Jan. 26, 1916, edition 1 / Page 1
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The news in iIm publica- hoo is released for ihe ptes* oo the date indicated below. THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA NEWS LETTER Published weekly by tbe University of North Carolina for its Bureau of Extension. ANUARY 26, 1916 CHAPEL HILL, N. C. VOL. H, NO. 9 .Brfitorial Bo»rdi K. 0. Branson,.). a. deE. Hamilton. I* B. Wilsou, L. A. WiUiama, R. H. Thornton, a. M. MeKie. Kntered a» »»oontol»s» m»W«r November U, 1911, at the posltofflce at Chapel HIU, N.C., under the »ct of Angnst 24.1OT3 NORTH CAROLINA CLUB STUDIES THE GOOD ROADS INSTI TUTE The Third Roads Institute will be held * the University February 7 to 12. Em- ■ ' iphasis this year will be laid on systematic , • ^fiupervision and maintenance of ptiblic ads, with illustrated lectures, and de- lonstrations of the drag and otiier im- lements of repair. A large attendance of road engineers, superintendents, and board ofScials is ex- e.cted. A RARE DISTINCTION Ur! Charles H. Herty, Smith Professor Chemistry in the University of North arolina, has been re-elected President of e. American Chemical Society. It is ; of the highest distinctions in the orld of American Science. Outside the Universities of North Caro- 'na and Virginia, the headship of this reat society has never been held in the uth. This honor laas been held by two men , the University of North Carolina: by r. F. P. VenaWe in 1905, and Dr. (). H. erty in 1915. Only Columbia Uaiver- liaa ever before lield this distinction wice. And now with Dr. Hertv’s re-election, rte honor for the third time comes to our “■tate University. The ejcample thus* set has been foUowed by many of the surrounding districts, and the sentiment is fast growing in the coun.y for more careful inspection and supervision of the healtli of school child ren. Later in the year a dentist was called in to inspect the children’s teeth and to advise with the parents in matterf of mouth hygiene. It is all a move in the right direction and the entire community feels the wis dom of sucli work. It is but another concrete illustration of the fine work pos sible for the Betterment .\ssociationa to do. Other schools may well follow the example. EXTENSION LECTURES Prof. Collier Cobb opened a series of University Extension addressee in Hen- ’erson on January 13th, with an illus- -trated lecture on Old World Highways, rrhe lecture was given in the high school iauditorium before a large audience. Five , >«>ther University professors will make ad- lre8ses to Henderson audiences in this '^aeries. The Woman’s Club of Hender- TJ8 the organization under whose auspices sthe lectures are given. 312 SCHOOLS ENROLLED Three hundred and twelve high schools ■in 93 counties of North Carolina have en- ' vrolled with Secretary E. R. Rankin for ■ ithe approaching contests of the High ; School Debating Union. The triangular L debates will be held throughout the State on March 31st, and the final contest for ■ the Aycock Memorial Cup will be held in 'Chapel Hill on April 14th. The contests of the Union from first to ulast will be participated in by fully 2,000 i student debaters, and the total audiences ^will number 75,000 North Carolinians. Buncombe County leads the State with An enrollment of 13 schools. Robeson ^comes next with 12, and Guilford follows •with 10. Alamance has 9 and Mecklen- feurgS. Joluiston, Nash and Wake have 7 each. Gaston, Iredell and Union have 6 each. Beaufort, Durham, Cleveland, Rockingham, Rowan, Scotland, Vance, ’Warren and Wayne have 5 each enrolled. COUNTRY-WIDE SCHOOL SYSTEMS Country school facilities ought to be as ample and efficient as city .school facili ties. But it cannot be so without gener ous co-operation on the part of city prop erty owners and tax payers. Just as ev ery board of trade ought to be county- wide in its concerns and activities, so ought public education to be a county- wide affair; and every dollar of wealth anywhere in a county ought to be be hind the school in the poorest country community as well as in the wealthiest city ward. County-wide school systems have the sanction of law in every county of Flori da. Every dollar of school taxes paid in Jacksonville is shared with the country schools of Duval county. New Hanover’s Noble Example We have in North Carolina one such county-wide school system. It is the New Hanover school system. No law in Florida lays tribute upon Wilmington wealth to support the country schools of of the county. City support of country schools is uncompelled and freely gener ous. It gives an eight month term to every country district; it shelters the children in comfortable houses, many of them handsomely built of brick. It gives them well paid teachers and. ample school equipments. The people of no city in the world have ever set a nobler example in the whole history of public education. County-wide school systems, on a tax basis of this sort, are being proclaimed far and wide by Dr. P. P. Claxton, our Federal Commissioner of Education, as the hope of our country civilization every where TO ALL GOOD MEN Dr. Edtrard Kidder Graham There have been, during the past year, many inspiring evidences that we are coming more and more to see that true loyalty to the University con sists not merely in pride in the institu tion, nor merely in love for it as our Alma Mater; but, alsi^, and mainly, in our personal devotion to the high things for which the institution stands and our practical service in making these things prevail. This devotion we sliare with all good men everywhere, v\;hose aims and ideals are kindred, and with every agency that seeks t' make them ef fective in the life of the State. The essential character of the University is cooperation in its fullest and deepest sense. It is the institution for express ing in intelligent and constructive tprms all of those varied aspects of human effort that make complete and unitied the life of the State. .^deijuate equipment, therefore, to do its work witli freedom and vigor it asks not in any selfish measure, but as the heart of the general gxKl.—The President’s Report for 1915. UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION LETTER SERIES NO 59 THE POINT OF VIEW Have you ever considered this matter of public edwiation, elementary and sec ondary, as a business proposition? Have you ever tried to grasp the magnitude, of the eapit,al invested? Have youevercon- sidered the sources from which this reve nue is derived? What business principles apjjly, or should apply to the handling of this business? These are all questions worthy of careful consideration, The Basis Of coni'sc! the basis for the consideration of public education from this viewpoint must be the financing of the system. Of course, too, there must be recognition of the fact that free, public education is a function of the state and not of the local town or district on the one hand or of the Federal Government on the other. These considerations are fundamental, A Business Necessity It is readily recognized that every busi ness must have capital upon which to do business. So nrest there be capital for the businefs of pub’ic schools. This capital is usually considered of two sorts, invest ment capital and operative capital. Investment Capital lnve.stment capital in the commercial world is that capital represented by buikl- ings, sites, machinery, raw material, ett^. In the school business this sort ofcapi- tal is repn«ented by ptirmanent school funds, unsold school lands, buildings and sites used for school purposes. Operative Capital By operative capital i.s meant that capi tal w’hich makes a going business; money in the bank, profits from the business, interest on the investment capital, any revenue that keeps the business going. In the school business this operative capi tal is derived from the income from perma nent school funds and unsold school lands, from state tax or appropriation, from lo cal tax or appropriation, and from misce- lanneous sources like bequests, endow ments, subscriptions and the like. property of the county was worih $«,400; in June 1915, there were 14 automobiles valued at $9,400. Which means, of course, that investment in education has not yet bankrupted us anywhere in North Caro lina. DARE COUNTY’S LARGEST ASSET As elsewhere, the largest asset of Dare county was held at the Appa- Schodl on. Saturday, DECLAIMING CONTEST The third annual declaimers' contest vamong the schools of Ashe, Caldwell and Watauga counties lachian Training JNovember 20th. All the declamation.s' were taken Irom the University Extension Bureau Bulletin, and were creditably rendered. The girls’ prize of a five-tlollar gold piece was won by Blanche Sherrill of Oak HiU and the five-dollar prize for the boys was won by Bryan Dickson of Silas Creek, Ashe county. -Thus are being made devotees of our '’lemocratic educational system, free achorfs, publicly supported to provide an • equal opportunity for all the children of :a.ll the people. iHEALTH WORK SPREADING Supt. C. G. Credle of Moore county ■ writes that at tlie beginning of the cur- ! rent year all tlie children in the Carthage •Graded School were examined for dis- -aaaes of eyes, ears, noses and throats by Dr. M. R. Gibson of Raleigh. As a result of this examination about ■40 per cent of the children were found de- -fective in one or more of these particulars. Many of these childrtai have been treated with most favorable results. Larger Results Ml this was done under the direction of •the Cwrtbage BetternaMit AsBOci»ti«i. does not lie in the sea nor in her soils and seasons, but in the souls of her people. It is impossible to mingle with these fisher folk without being impressed with their splendid pos.sibilities. They have always been interested in common school education. They are not illiterate. Only three counties of the state make a better showing in the liter acy of white voters; only three show a better per cent of attendance upon schools.; and only six have a smaller general white illiteracy rate. School Tax Willingness Every school district but one in the county levies a local tax for school sup port. The local school tax levy averages $8.80 per thousand of taxable property and in this particular only one county in the state makes a better showing. Half of the white schools have two or more teachers; and only five counties pay white rural ■ teachers better salaries. Every teacher but six in the county has a first grade license; more than half of them have had normal training, and three of them have coUege diplomas. Manteo, the county seat, has just com pleted a high school building, with a beautiful auditorium seating 500 people. All told the people have responded nobly to the leadership of Superintendent B. G. Crisp, a Trinity College graduate, and his successor, Mr. E, W. Joyner, a graduate of the University. Dare’s in vestment in education is liberal and wise. Dare needs morehigh school pupils and . more students in our colleges. The people are too far removed from the stimulating j OUR COUNTY TAX BURDENS The University News Letter of March 24, 1915, contained a table showing the per capita ;ost of State government in North Carolina in 1912, as compared with other states of the Union. Our issue of January 19, 1916, contain ed a similar table showing the per capita cost of county government in the various states of the Union in 1912. Here it ap peared that the average cost of county government in North Carolina was $2.99 per inhabitant, against an average of $4.99 in the country-at-large. The per capita burden of county government was larger in 36 states. County Costs in North Carolina Elsewhere in this issue is a table Show ing the per capita cost of government in the counties of North Carolina in 1912. These figures are taken from a 1915 Cen sus Bureau Bulletin on County Revenues, Expenditures and Public Properties. They w’ere re-arranged in The North Car- ohna Club headquarters to show the rank of our counties in this particular. Least in YadKin; Largest in Iredell The per capita cost of our county gov ernments in 1912 ranges from $3.36 in Yadkin to $6.91 in Iredell. Yadkin is not the poorest county in the State; in per capita country wealth 71 counties are poorer. Nor is Iredell the richest county in North Carolina; in per capita country wealth 10 counties are rich er. In country wealth per person they are not very far apart. Iredell with $377 ranks 11th, and Yadkin with $314 ranks 27 th. Iredell a Progressive County Iredell invests liberally in public edu cation and itnproved public roads; elementary factors in progress and pros perity. In 1910, only six counties i State had less illiteracy among i whites; and on January 1, 1915, than two-fifths of the entire public mileage was improved—295 miles school buildings. She had $62,385 in vested in rural school property; and 66 of her schools were equipj>ed with modern furniture. She voted bonds for The Statesville Air Line Railway and now she joins Catawba in bmlding a $15,000 bridge over the t!a- tawba river For many years she has supported the work in farm demonstra tion. Iredell has been investing in brave, big ways in law and order, progress and pros perity. And she is reaping her rew ard in better schools, better churches, increased popu lation, new farm enterprises, livestock as sociations and silos, cream routes all over the county and a creamery, larger busi- ness-for the trade centers, greater pros perity, and larger social outlook. New Hanover RanKs High New Hanover stands next to Iredell in per capita cost of county government. Her rate is $5.27 per inhabitant. New Hanover employs a whole-time scliool nurse. She kpeps a food inspector busy th& whole year around. She has a modern abattoir, a reduction plant, and well equipped meat markets. The chil dren in the city and country schools un dergo medical inspection. She has more sanitary closets than any other county in the State. The city and the country are enjoying the fruits of these investments—better health, clean homes, and a low death rate. Since 1911 her smallpox cases have fallen from 800 to none; and her death rate has dropped from 29.4 per 1,000 in habitants to 16.4. Public funds fairly raised and effectively expended are an in vestment in social well-being. The natives of Dahomey pay no taxes at all; but then most people would rather live in New’ Hanover or Iredell county, North Carolina. COUNTY TAX BURDENS IN NORTH CAROLINA. 1912 CENSUS BUREAU BULLETIN, 1915. A%’erage for the State •‘?2.99: for the U. S. $4.99 ter showing. schools. She is one effectiveness and multiply spent in public education. Aside from the 20 cent influence of the big wide world. Rich in Automobiles Like most of our counties, Dare ia in- , , ^ _ vesting about as much in automobiles aa schools in 1912-13 nearly $20,000. in edacatioo. In 1913-1914 the school spent nearly $5,000 for new cot Rank County Per Capita liank County Per Capita 1 Yadkin $1.36 50 Madison 2.63 2 Surry 1.38 51 Hyde 2.67 3 Gates 1,41 52 Currituck 2.74 4 Burke 1.52 52 Catawba 2,74 5 Stokes 1.59 54 Pitt 2,82 6 Wilkes 1.64 55 Haywood 2.83 7 Ashe 1.65 55 Montgomery 2.83 S Carteret 1.81 57 Cleveland 2.84 9 Davie 1.86 58 Clay 2.85 10 Cherokee, 1.88 59 Moore 2.91 11 Davidson 1.89 60 Northampton 2.93 12 Chowan 1.92 61 Vance 2.94 13 Caswell 1.93 61 Columbus 2.94 13 Rutherford 1.93 63 Washington 2.95 15 Pasquotank 1.94 64 Wilson 2.98 15 Warren ■ 1.94 65 Alamance 3.00 17 Harnett 1.95 66 Hertford 3.06 18 Chatham 1.97 67 McDowell 3.19 19 Bladen 2.00 67 Lenoir 3,19 19 Wayne 2.00 67 Guilford 3.19 21 Greene 2.02 70 Onslow 3.23 22 Randolph 2.06 71 Scotland 3.24 23 Martin 2.07 72 Dare 3.25 '24 Jones 2.08 73 Rockingham 3.28 25 Lincoln 2.10 74 Macon 3.31 26 Johnston 2.11 75 Edgecombe 3': 40 26 Alleghany 2.11 76 Richmond 3.43 28 Alexander 2.12 77 Swain 3.50 29 Graham 2.15 78 Pender 3.61 30 Lee 2.16 79 Craven 3.57 31 Yancey 2.17 80 Granville 3.73 32 Perquimans 2.18 81 Cabarrus 3.74 32 Duplin 2.18 82 Mecklenburg 3.76 34 Person 2.26 83 Forsyth 4.01 35 Stanly 2.27 84 Gaston 4.12 36 Franklin 2.31 86 Anson 4.30 37 Sampson 2.32 86 Wake 4.52 38 Nash 2.36 87 Transylvania 4.56 39 Union 2.37 87 Henderson 4.56 1 I 39 Halifax 2.37 89 Durham 4.69 41 Pamlioo 2.38 90 Rowan 5.00 9 42 Bertie 2.43 91 Buncombe 5.20 42 Orange 2.43 92 New Hanover 5.27 44 Beaufort 2.51 93 Iredell 6.91 45 Tyrrell 2.53 Per capita cost not computed for Avery, ’ 46 Brunswick 2.57 Caldwell, Mitchell, Watauga, Hoke, ^ 46 Polk 2.57 Robeeon, and Cumberland counties, be g 46 Jackson 2.57 cause (rf •hangw in bocndary line* sd»c« ' 49 C/amdsD 3.59 1910.
The University of North Carolina News Letter (Chapel Hill, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Jan. 26, 1916, edition 1
1
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